Socioeconomic Status, Urbanization and Executive Functions Development: Differences Between Urban and Rural Children

Urbanization and Rural-Urban Migration

This chapter considers the literature on urbanization and migration to cities from rural areas in developing and middle-income countries. The chapter assesses recent patterns, discusses traditional models, addresses more recent models of migration, presents some of the recent findings from the micro-econometric literature, and closes with a discussion of the role of cities in economic growth. C...

Urbanization, Rural–urban Migration and Urban Poverty

Socioeconomic status, white matter, and executive function in children

BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence links socioeconomic status (SES) to children's brain structure. Few studies, however, have specifically investigated relations of SES to white matter structure. Further, although several studies have demonstrated that family SES is related to development of brain areas that support executive functions (EF), less is known about the role that white matter str...

Influence of family socioeconomic status on IQ, language, memory and executive functions of Brazilian children

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of family socioeconomic status (SES) and parental education on non-verbal IQ and on the processing of oral and written language, working memory, verbal memory and executive functions in children from different age ranges. A total of 419 Brazilian children aged 6–12 years old, attending public and private schools from Porto Alegre, RS participated i...

Towns in the Jungle: Exploring Linkages between Rural-urban Mobility, Urbanization and Development in the Amazon

Recent evidence indicates profound changes in population mobility in the Amazon frontier. Following the earlier large-scale migration influxes from long-settled regions, the most dramatic forms of population mobility under way are currently within the frontier. In particular, more and more rural households see temporary or permanent mobility of one or more family members to urban areas as a way...